Classroom Notes: 3.2 How data travels through networks

An IP address is a special number that helps computers find and talk to each other on the network. It is a combination of four three-digit numbers between 1 to 255 separated by a dot (.).
Example: 192.168.1.13

Data is broken into small packets, sent across the network, and joined back at the destination.

Splitting the data into packets makes transfer faster, allows sharing of the network bandwidth, and packets can take different routes if one path fails.

Data packet is a small piece of data with an address and the actual information.

If the data packet is lost during transmission, the receiving computer asks for the missing packet, so that the message is complete.

A web page is a digital document which contains text, images, audio, and videos. Like a page in a book.

A website is a collection of webpages linked to each other, like a whole book.

Web browser is software that is used to open and view webpages.
Example: Google Chrome, Microsoft Edge, and Firefox.

URL is a link or address of a website or a webpage on the Internet. The full form of URL is Uniform Resource Locator.
Example: https://google.com/images

The components of a URL are:

1. Protocol (http/https)
2. Domain name (like google.com)
3. Path (extra details after the domain, like /images)